Ke koho ʻana i nā makaaniani e pale ai i kou mau maka, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau mea:

1. Palena UV

• Lepili UV400: E nānā i nā makaaniani i kapa ʻia "UV400". Hōʻike kēia e hiki i nā lens ke ālai i ka 99% a i ʻole nā ​​​​kukui ultraviolet me nā lōʻihi hawewe a hiki i 400 nanometers, me UVA (315 - 400 nm) a me UVB (280 - 315 nm). Hiki i nā kukuna Ultraviolet ke hōʻeha i nā maka, e like me ka cataracts, photokeratitis, a me ka pōʻino i ka conjunctiva a me ka cornea. ʻO nā makaaniani me ka lawa ʻole o ka pale UV hiki ke hoʻomāhuahua i nā haumāna ma lalo o nā aniani ʻeleʻele, e ʻae ana i nā kukuna UV e komo i nā maka, e hoʻonui ai i ka pōʻino.
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2. ʻIke ʻia ke kukui ʻike

• ʻO ka hoʻouna māmā kūpono: Pono nā hana like ʻole i nā pae hoʻouna māmā ʻike ʻia. No ka hoʻohana maʻamau o waho, kūpono nā lens me ka māmā māmā o 15% - 40%. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e hoʻokele nei, kūpono nā lens me ka transmittance ma kahi o 18% - 32% no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi pono i ka ʻālohilohi ʻoiai e ʻae ana iā ʻoe e ʻike maopopo i nā hōʻailona kaʻa, nā kūlana alanui, a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia ka ʻike maka ʻana o nā lens i ʻeleʻele loa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kūlana haʻahaʻa a i ʻole i ka pō, he mea weliweli loa.
• Ke kala o nā lens:
  • Nā leki hina hina: Hoʻopaʻa like nā lens hina hina i nā kukui ʻike ʻia ma ke kiko kikoʻī. Mālama lākou i ka ʻike kala maoli, kūpono iā lākou no nā hana like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka hoʻokele, ʻoiai lākou e hōʻike pololei ana i nā kala, he mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona kaʻa.
  • Nā aniani ʻeleʻele: ʻAʻole wale nā ​​lenses ʻulaʻula e pale i ka nui o ke kukui uliuli akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i ka ʻike kala maikaʻi. Hoʻonui lākou i ka ʻokoʻa, hana maikaʻi iā lākou no nā hana e like me ka lawaiʻa, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻili o ka wai a me nā mea i lalo o ka wai.
  • Nā leka melemele: He maikaʻi nā lens melemele i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa i nā kūlana haʻahaʻa - māmā a ʻeleʻele paha. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i ka ski a i ʻole ke pana ʻana, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā mea i ʻoi aku ka maopopo ma mua o ke kua. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono lākou i ka mālamalama o ka lā no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e ālai i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.

3. Polarization

• E ho'ēmi i ka ʻālohilohi: He mea maikaʻi loa nā makaaniani polarized i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻālohilohi i ʻike ʻia mai nā wahi palahalaha e like me ka wai, hau, a me nā puʻu o nā kaʻa. Hiki i ka ʻālohilohi ke hōʻemi i ka ʻike maka. Ke hoʻomālamalama ka mālamalama i kēia mau ʻili, lilo ia i polarized ma ke alo. Loaʻa i nā lens polarized kahi kānana kūikawā e ālai i kēia kukui polarized horizontally, no laila e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻālohilohi. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia no nā hana e like me ka waʻa, ka lawaiʻa, a me ke kaʻa ʻana, no ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻike a hōʻemi i ke kaumaha o ka maka.

4. Ka maikaʻi o ka lens

• ʻOka māmā: Pono nā lens kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa i ka mālamalama optical maikaʻi loa. E nānā i ka ʻākeʻe ʻana, ka pōʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma ka nānā ʻana i nā lens ma kahi laina pololei, e like me ka lihi o ka puka a i ʻole ka puka makani. E hoʻoneʻe i nā aniani i ka nānā ʻana i ka laina; inā ʻike ʻia ka laina e piʻo a nalu paha, maikaʻi ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka lens.
• ʻAka - kūʻē: Ma muli o ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻana o nā makaaniani ma waho, ua maʻalahi nā lens i nā ʻōpala. Hiki i nā lens me kahi uhi pale pale hiki ke mālama i ko lākou mālamalama a paʻa i ka manawa. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā lens plastik i uhi ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​aniani aniani ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lens plastik maʻamau.
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5. Pono ka papa

• Hōʻoluʻolu: Pono ke kiʻi i ka ʻoluʻolu ma kou alo me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā wahi kaomi ma ka ihu a i ʻole nā ​​pepeiao. E ho'āʻo i nā kiʻi like ʻole e ʻike i ka nui a me ke ʻano kūpono no kou helehelena. Pono nā heiau e noho mālie akā ʻaʻole pili loa i nā ʻaoʻao o kou poʻo, a e kākoʻo pono nā pā ihu i ke kaumaha o nā aniani ma ka ihu.
• Ka uhi: Pono ke kiʻi e hāʻawi i ka uhi kūpono e pale ai i kou mau maka mai ka puka ʻana mai o ka lā mai nā ʻaoʻao mai. He koho maikaʻi nā kiʻi wraparound no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ālai i nā kukui peripheral hou aʻe, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā kukuna UV a me ka ʻālohilohi i hiki i kou mau maka mai nā ʻaoʻao.